The following regimental histories are taken from
"Tennesseans in the Civil War" as compiled by the
Civil War Centennial Commission, 1964.
1st (Turney's) Infantry Regiment CSA.
Records filed as 1st (Turney’s) Tennessee Infantry Regiment. Organized at Winchester, Franklin County, TN, April 29, 1861; mustered into Confederate service at Lynchburg, VA, May 8, 1861; surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse April 9, 1865.
FIELD OFFICERS
- Colonel-Peter Turney
- Lt Colonels-James H. Holman, James C. Shackleford, Newton J. George
- Majors-Daniel W. Holman, Martin V. McLaughlin, Newton J. George, Felix Buchanan
- Alex E. Patton, Elijah Reynolds, Joseph A. Lusk, Jesse R. Gunn, Co. “A”. Men from Altamont, Hillsboro, and Pelham, (Grundy County, Coffee County) John E. Bennett, Thomas Daniel, William S. Daniel, Co. “B”. Men from Franklin County and Bedford Counties.
- Miller Turney, A.T.W. Alexander, Samuel H. Estill, Co. “C”. Men from Winchester, Franklin County; “The Mountain Boys.” Littleberry N. Simpson, William J. Awalt, John H. Bevill, Co. “D”. Men from Moore County, then Franklin County
- Ezekiel Y. Salmon, Thomas H. Mann, William P. Tolley, Owen J. Bailey, Co. “E”. Men from Moore County, then Franklin County; “The Lynchburg Rangers”. Clement Arledge, James H. Thompson, John D. Bell, Co. “F”. Men from Franklin County.
- Benjamin F. Ramsey, John C. Shackleford, Felix G. Buchanan, Davis W. Clark, Richard Routt, Co. “G”. Men from Lincoln County; “The Fayetteville Guards”.
- Jacob Cruse, Newton J. George, Young T. Stubblefield, Thomas P. Arnold, Thomas B. George, Co. “H”. Men from Lincoln County; “The Shelton’s Creek Volunteers”.
- Joseph Holder, Henry J. Hawkins, Co. “I”. Men from Coffee County; “The Tullahoma Guards”.
- Newton C. Davis, Jacob B. Turney, Co. “K”. Men from Lincoln County; “The Boon’s Creek Minutemen”.
On April 21, Colonel Turney reported to the Confederate War Department that his regiment was organized, although without weapons. On April 28, the regiment was assembled at Winchester, bivouacking on the grounds of Mary Sharp College; on May 1, it departed by rail for the Virginia theater. Six companies arrived at Lynchburg, Virginia, on May 5; the remainder of the regiment shortly thereafter, when the regiment was sworn into the Confederate service.
On May 17, the regiment was moved by rail to Richmond, where it went into training camp, to be drilled by the detachment of cadets from the Virginia Military Institute.
On June 1, the regiment moved by rail to Harper’s Ferry, there to be under the command of Brig. General Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson. In July, it was moved to the locale of Manassas and, for the Battle of First Manassas, was part of the 3rd Brigade (Bernard E. Bee), Johnston’s Division. The regiment remained in the Manassas area until about September 30, when it moved to duty along the Potomac, between Occoquan and Aquia Creeks. On January 10, 1862, it was part of the task force of Brig. General William H.C. Whiting, at Dumfries, Virginia, being placed, on February 9, under the command of Maj. General Theophilus H. Holmes, commanding the Aquia District. At the same time, the 1st Tennessee Infantry (Maney), 2nd Tennessee Infantry (Bate), and 3rd Tennessee Infantry (J.C. Vaughn), were detached from the Army of Northern Virginia and returned to the Tennessee Theater, leaving the 1st Confederate Infantry, the 7th Tennessee Infantry, and the 14th Tennessee Infantry as components of a brigade which was to serve, with minor changes from time to time, during the rest of the war, and which was to become known as the Tennessee Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia.
Organization of the Tennessee Brigade was announced on March 8, 1862. It’s first commander was Brig. General Samuel R. Anderson; his headquarters were at Evansport, now Quantico, Virginia. On March 8, 1862, the brigade was assigned to the division of Brigadier General William H. C. Whiting.
Under General Anderson, the brigade entered the Peninsular Campaign as part of A.P. Hill’s “Light Division” of Magruder’s Corps. It’s initial position was about midway between the York and James Rivers. Here the regiment was reorganized; General Anderson was relieved from active field service by reason of ill health (he was 58 years old and was serving in his second war), and the brigade command passed to Brig. General Robert H. Hatton, formerly colonel of the 7th Tennessee Infantry.
General Hatton was killed in the fighting near Fair Oaks Station, May 31, 1862. By the time the brigade entered the Battle of Gaines’ Mill, June 27, it had a new brigade commander. This was Brig. General James J. Archer; he was to retain command with several absences until January, 1865. Under him the brigade was to make it’s reputation.
As part of the Fifth (Archer’s) Brigade, A.P. Hill’s “Light Division”, Magruder’s Corps, the regiment participated in the Seven Day’s Battles before Richmond. It’s regimental flag was captured at Gaines’ Mill by the 13th New York Infantry. As part of the same brigade and division, but now part of the II Corps (Thomas J. Jackson), Army of Northern Virginia, it participated in Jackson’s Valley Campaign at Cedar Run, moving from there to the actions at Orange Courthouse, Manassas Junction, and Second Manassas.
In September, the regiment, still in the II Corps, took part in the Maryland Campaign, fighting at Harper’s Ferry, Sharpsburg, and Shepherdstown. Returning to Virginia, it was part of the II Corps at the Battle of Fredericksburg. Here Colonel Turney sustained the wound which removed him from active command; a year later he was to take over a semi-administrative command in Florida.
During 1863, the regiment, now commanded by Lt. Colonel N.J. George, continued as part of Archer’s Brigade, but the division was commanded by Henry Heth and the Corps was now the III, commanded by A.P. Hill after the fall of Jackson at Chancellorsville. It participated in the Gettysburg Campaign, where it was on the left flank during Pickett’s Charge on Jul 3, 1863. The 1st and 7th Tennessee Infantry Regiments were the only units to breach the Federal lines that day, but at a high price; the Brigade Commander, the Regimental Commander, a large number of other officers and enlisted men, and the colors of the 1st and 14th Regiments, were captured by the 14th Connecticut Infantry.
With Brig. General Henry H. Walker in command of the brigade, it participated in the actions of the Army of Northern Virginia throughout the remainder of 1863; these included the Mine Run Campaign and the Battle of Bristoe Station. Major Felix G. Buchanan commanded the regiment.
As part of Archer’s Brigade, later to be known as Fry’s Brigade, made by combining the brigades of Archer and Fields, the regiment took part in the Battles in The Wilderness and at Spottsylvania Courthouse in May, 1864. By August, 1864, Colonel George had returned to command the regiment. By this time the regiment, still a part of Hill’s III Corps, had moved through the Battle of Cold Harbor into the bloody stalemate of Petersburg, which continued until early April, 1865. General Archer had returned to his old command briefly in August; the illnesses brought on by his long confinement at Johnson’s Island shortly forced his retirement; he died at Richmond in October. Captain William S. Daniel commanded the regiment until the return of Colonel George.
In January, 1865, consolidation of the diminished strength of the Army of Northern Virginia brought about the formation of Archer’s and Johnson’s Brigade, still in Heth’s Division of the III Corps. Beside this regiment were it’s old companions of the original Tennessee Brigade, the 7th and the 14th Tennessee Infantry, plus the 2nd Maryland Infantry Battalion, the 17th/23rd Tennessee Infantry, the 25th/44th Tennessee Infantry, and the 63rd Tennessee Infantry.
Withdrawing toward Appomattox early in April, the brigade came under the command of Brig. General William McComb; Major Felix G. Buchanan was now in command of the regiment. This was the composition of the brigade as it passed out of existence with Lee’s Surrender.
8th Tennessee Infantry CSA.
Organized May 29, 1861 in Provisional Army of Tennessee; Confederate service August 31, 1861; reorganized May 8, 1862; formed Company “D”, 1st Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment; paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.
FIELD OFFICERS
CAPTAINS
Some of the companies constituting the 8th Tennessee assembled at Camp Harris, near Winchester, Franklin County, and were mustered into state service on May 18, 1861. They moved to Camp Trousdale, Sumner County, where, with other companies, they were organized into this regiment.
The Eighth was organized at Camp Trousdale on May 2; 1861. In July, 1861, it had 887 men armed with percussion muskets. Arriving at Huntersville, Virginia, July 21, 1861, it was placed in Brigadier General Daniel S. Donelson’s Brigade, along with the 16th Tennessee, and the 1st and 14th Georgia Regiments; as part of this brigade it participated in the Cheat Mountain Campaign. The 8th and 16th Tennessee Regiments served in the same brigade organizations throughout the war.
A report from Company “K” dated January 9, 1864, stated that this company was organized April 24, 1861, at Mulberry Station, Lincoln County; was received into state service at Camp Harris, Franklin County; and organized as part of the 8th Tennessee Infantry Regiment at Camp Trousdale; mustered into Confederate service July 31, 1861 at Big Springs, Virginia. It took part in the Cheat Mountain Campaign, fought at Corinth, Mississippi, Munfordville and Perryville, Kentucky, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge. It reported a cumulative total of nine killed, 51 wounded, 12 died of disease, 48 deserted, 28 honorably discharged, nine transferred to other commands, and two furnished substitutes who had deserted.
After the Cheat Mountain failure, the 8th and 16th, Donelson’s Brigade were sent to Port Royal, South Carolina, arriving December 16, 1861. The 8th was in a skirmish at Port Royal Ferry January 1, 1862.
April 10, 1862, Donelson’s Brigade, 1572 men, was ordered to Corinth, Mississippi, and in May the brigade consisted of the 2nd, 8th, 15th, 16th and 154th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, and Carnes’ Tennessee Battery. By June 15, 1862, the 154th had been replaced by the 51st Tennessee. By June 30, the 2nd was no longer shown as part of the brigade.
At Perryville, October 8, 1862, the brigade consisted of the 8th, 15th, 16th, 38th and 51st Tennessee Regiments. The 8th suffered 38 casualties in this battle.
On December 29, 1862, two days before the Battle of Murfreesboro, the newly organized 84th Regiment was added to the brigade, but was held in reserve during the battle. In the Battle of Murfreesboro, the 8th did valiant service in the battle, but at heavy cost, losing 306 casualties out of 474 engaged, including Colonel William L. Moore, who was killed. Lieutenant Colonel John H. Anderson replaced him, and as full colonel, commanded the regiment till after the Battle of Nashville, when he was given command of a brigade. In the Battle of Murfreesboro, the brigade captured 11 pieces of artillery and 1000 prisoners.
On April 1, 1863, Brigadier General Marcus J. Wright commanded the brigade, which was composed of the 8th, 16th, 28th, and 51st Tennessee Regiments, plus Carnes’ Battery, totaling 1698 effectives. The brigade continued to be known as Wright’s Brigade until after the Battle of Franklin, though it was commanded at various times by Colonel Anderson, of the 8th, and Colonel Carter, of the
38th. On August 10, 1863, Murray’s 22nd Infantry Battalion was added to the brigade; by this time the 8th had been consolidated into a field organization with the 28th Regiment.
At Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863, Wright’s Brigade consisted of the 8th, 16th, 28th, 38th and Murray’s Battalion and 5lst/52nd Consolidated Infantry Regiments. At Missionary Ridge, November 24-25, 1863, the 38th had been left at Charleston. Company returns state that the regimental and company books, rolls, papers of every kind were destroyed by the enemy November 25, 1863 on the retreat from Missionary Ridge with General Wright’s Brigade wagon train. Colonel Anderson was in command of the brigade, and Lieutenant Colonel C. C. McKinney of the regiment. On December 14, 1863 the 8th reported 214 effectives. On January 20, 1864 the 8th and 28th were reported on detached duty at Atlanta, Georgia. On May 9, 1864, the 8th was present at Rocky Face, Georgia.
On December 10, 1864, the 8th, 16th, and 28th, under Colonel John H. Anderson, formed one regiment in Maney’s Brigade, commanded by Colonel Hume R. Feild. After the Battle of Nashville, December 15-16, 1864, the 8th joined General Joseph E. Johnston, in North Carolina, and was surrendered and paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, as part of the 1st Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment, under Lieutenant Colonel Oliver A. Bradshaw; this was composed of the 1st, 6th, 8th, 9th, 16th, 27th, 28th and 34th Regiments and the 24th Tennessee Infantry Battalion. The 8th Regiment formed Company “D” of this regiment.
FIELD OFFICERS
- Colonels-Alfred S. Fulton, William Lawson Moore, L. W. Oglesby, John H. Anderson.
- Lieutenant Colonels-William Lawson Moore Andrew G. Ewing, John H. Anderson, Christopher C. McKinney.
- Majors-William H. Botts, Christopher C. McKinney, W. G. Burford.
CAPTAINS
- William G. Burford, I. A. McCall, J. A. McCall, D. O. Puryear, Co. “A”, formerly “I”. Men from Smith County.
- Tim S. McHenry, James C. Chowning, W. B. Petty, Co. “B”, formerly “F”. Men from Overton County.
- A. M. Hall, B. E. Malear, William H. Blake, William D. Bonds, Co. “C”, formerly “B”. Men from Lincoln County.
- George W. Higgins, M. C. Shook, T. A. Yant, Co. “D”, formerly “G”. “The Norris Creek Guards.” Men from Lincoln County.
- Bane McKinney, N. M. Bearden, J. S. Brown, Co. “E”, formerly “C” “The Comargo Guards.” Men from Lincoln County.
- Calvin E. Meyers, James I. Cullom, Co. “F”, formerly “D”. Men from Overton County, some from Fentress County.
- William Gore, William Sadler, John S. Quarles, Co. “G”, formerly “K”. Men from Jackson County, some from Putnam County. A number of men from this company later enlisted in Co. “E”, 4th (Murray’s) Cavalry Regiment.
- L. T. Armstrong, A. J. B. Walker, J. B. Overstreet, Thomas Jefferson Davis, Co. “H”, formerly “E”. Men from Celina, Jackson County (now Clay County).
- James L. Bryant, Ben B. Bowers, James M. McAfee, Co. “I”, formerly “A”. Men from Marshall County.
- William Lawson Moore, W. J. Thrash, John D. Tolley, Moses B. Shores, Co. “K”, formerly “H”. “The Mulberry Riflemen.” Men from Lincoln and Moore Counties.
Some of the companies constituting the 8th Tennessee assembled at Camp Harris, near Winchester, Franklin County, and were mustered into state service on May 18, 1861. They moved to Camp Trousdale, Sumner County, where, with other companies, they were organized into this regiment.
The Eighth was organized at Camp Trousdale on May 2; 1861. In July, 1861, it had 887 men armed with percussion muskets. Arriving at Huntersville, Virginia, July 21, 1861, it was placed in Brigadier General Daniel S. Donelson’s Brigade, along with the 16th Tennessee, and the 1st and 14th Georgia Regiments; as part of this brigade it participated in the Cheat Mountain Campaign. The 8th and 16th Tennessee Regiments served in the same brigade organizations throughout the war.
A report from Company “K” dated January 9, 1864, stated that this company was organized April 24, 1861, at Mulberry Station, Lincoln County; was received into state service at Camp Harris, Franklin County; and organized as part of the 8th Tennessee Infantry Regiment at Camp Trousdale; mustered into Confederate service July 31, 1861 at Big Springs, Virginia. It took part in the Cheat Mountain Campaign, fought at Corinth, Mississippi, Munfordville and Perryville, Kentucky, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge. It reported a cumulative total of nine killed, 51 wounded, 12 died of disease, 48 deserted, 28 honorably discharged, nine transferred to other commands, and two furnished substitutes who had deserted.
After the Cheat Mountain failure, the 8th and 16th, Donelson’s Brigade were sent to Port Royal, South Carolina, arriving December 16, 1861. The 8th was in a skirmish at Port Royal Ferry January 1, 1862.
April 10, 1862, Donelson’s Brigade, 1572 men, was ordered to Corinth, Mississippi, and in May the brigade consisted of the 2nd, 8th, 15th, 16th and 154th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, and Carnes’ Tennessee Battery. By June 15, 1862, the 154th had been replaced by the 51st Tennessee. By June 30, the 2nd was no longer shown as part of the brigade.
At Perryville, October 8, 1862, the brigade consisted of the 8th, 15th, 16th, 38th and 51st Tennessee Regiments. The 8th suffered 38 casualties in this battle.
On December 29, 1862, two days before the Battle of Murfreesboro, the newly organized 84th Regiment was added to the brigade, but was held in reserve during the battle. In the Battle of Murfreesboro, the 8th did valiant service in the battle, but at heavy cost, losing 306 casualties out of 474 engaged, including Colonel William L. Moore, who was killed. Lieutenant Colonel John H. Anderson replaced him, and as full colonel, commanded the regiment till after the Battle of Nashville, when he was given command of a brigade. In the Battle of Murfreesboro, the brigade captured 11 pieces of artillery and 1000 prisoners.
On April 1, 1863, Brigadier General Marcus J. Wright commanded the brigade, which was composed of the 8th, 16th, 28th, and 51st Tennessee Regiments, plus Carnes’ Battery, totaling 1698 effectives. The brigade continued to be known as Wright’s Brigade until after the Battle of Franklin, though it was commanded at various times by Colonel Anderson, of the 8th, and Colonel Carter, of the
38th. On August 10, 1863, Murray’s 22nd Infantry Battalion was added to the brigade; by this time the 8th had been consolidated into a field organization with the 28th Regiment.
At Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863, Wright’s Brigade consisted of the 8th, 16th, 28th, 38th and Murray’s Battalion and 5lst/52nd Consolidated Infantry Regiments. At Missionary Ridge, November 24-25, 1863, the 38th had been left at Charleston. Company returns state that the regimental and company books, rolls, papers of every kind were destroyed by the enemy November 25, 1863 on the retreat from Missionary Ridge with General Wright’s Brigade wagon train. Colonel Anderson was in command of the brigade, and Lieutenant Colonel C. C. McKinney of the regiment. On December 14, 1863 the 8th reported 214 effectives. On January 20, 1864 the 8th and 28th were reported on detached duty at Atlanta, Georgia. On May 9, 1864, the 8th was present at Rocky Face, Georgia.
On December 10, 1864, the 8th, 16th, and 28th, under Colonel John H. Anderson, formed one regiment in Maney’s Brigade, commanded by Colonel Hume R. Feild. After the Battle of Nashville, December 15-16, 1864, the 8th joined General Joseph E. Johnston, in North Carolina, and was surrendered and paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, as part of the 1st Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment, under Lieutenant Colonel Oliver A. Bradshaw; this was composed of the 1st, 6th, 8th, 9th, 16th, 27th, 28th and 34th Regiments and the 24th Tennessee Infantry Battalion. The 8th Regiment formed Company “D” of this regiment.
23rd (Newman's) Infantry Battallion CSA.
Organized November 29, 1862; field consolidation with 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiment in 1863; formed part of 4th Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment which was paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1,1865.
This battalion was organized at camp near Murfreesboro November 29, 1862 by the election of Tazewell W. Newman to command. Newman had formerly been colonel of the 17th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, but was commissioned as major of the 23rd Battalion. The battalion consisted of five companies, two of which had formerly served in the 9th (also called 5th) Kentucky Infantry Regiment. The other three were organized in October and November, 1862.
CAPTAINS
The battalion remained in camps at Shelbyville and Tullahoma until April 22, 1863. On February 28, 1863 it was assigned to Major General J. C. Breckinridge’s Division, Brigadier General John C. Brown’s Brigade, composed of the 18th, 26th, 32nd, 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, and the 23rd Battalion. On April 22, it moved to Fairfield, Tennessee where it remained until the retreat to Chattanooga began in July, 1863. In July and August it was reported at Charleston and Loudon. It moved from there in time to take part in the Battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863, which was its first engagement.
At Chickamauga, the brigade was in Major General Simon B. Buckner’s Corps, Major General A. P. Stewart’s Division. The battalion reported 51 casualties out of 145 effectives engaged. Major Newman was wounded and Captain Simpson took command of the battalion.
On November 12, the brigade was transferred to Breckinridge’s Corps, Major General C. L. Stevenson’s Division, and the battalion consolidated into a field unit with the 45th Regiment under the command of Colonel Anderson Searcy, which lasted throughout the war. After Major Newman recovered from his wounds, he was placed on the supernumerary list, and given detached service. For the further history, and brigade assignments of the consolidated unit, see the history of the 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
The last report from any company of the 23rd Battalion was dated August 31, 1864 at Atlanta, and read: “The company left camp in Dalton, Georgia May 6, 1864, and served with the command in marching, working and fighting till this time. It was in the assault at Resaca May 14, and engaged May 15; also on June 22 near Marietta, Georgia, besides a great deal of skirmishing and picket firing.”
At times in the Official Records, the 23rd Battalion is reported as though it were a regiment) and care must be taken not to confuse these reports with Colonel Matt Martin’s 23rd Regiment which by this time had formed a field unit with the 17th Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
This battalion was organized at camp near Murfreesboro November 29, 1862 by the election of Tazewell W. Newman to command. Newman had formerly been colonel of the 17th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, but was commissioned as major of the 23rd Battalion. The battalion consisted of five companies, two of which had formerly served in the 9th (also called 5th) Kentucky Infantry Regiment. The other three were organized in October and November, 1862.
CAPTAINS
- W. P. Simpson, Co. “A”. Formerly Co. “E”, 9th (5th) Kentucky. Organized March 10, 1862 at Mulberry, Lincoln County, Tennessee.
- William T. Powers, Co. “B”. Formerly Co. “F”, 9th (5th) Kentucky. This company was a consolidation of what was left of Crews’ Battalion after the Battle of Shiloh. Muster rolls indicate that it was organized at Savannah, ilardin County, in January, 1862.
- Thomas J. Stanfield, Co. “C”. Organized October 20, 1862 at Thompson Creek, Bedford County. A Bedford County unit. Mustered in at Winchester, November 13, 1862.
- William J. Awalt, Co. “D”. Organized November 7, 1862 at Ridgeville, then Franklin, now Moore County. Some of its men were from Bedford County.
- James L. Moore, Co. “E”. Organized November 8, 1862 at Lynchburg, then Franklin, now Moore County, with men from Franklin and Lincoln Counties.
The battalion remained in camps at Shelbyville and Tullahoma until April 22, 1863. On February 28, 1863 it was assigned to Major General J. C. Breckinridge’s Division, Brigadier General John C. Brown’s Brigade, composed of the 18th, 26th, 32nd, 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, and the 23rd Battalion. On April 22, it moved to Fairfield, Tennessee where it remained until the retreat to Chattanooga began in July, 1863. In July and August it was reported at Charleston and Loudon. It moved from there in time to take part in the Battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863, which was its first engagement.
At Chickamauga, the brigade was in Major General Simon B. Buckner’s Corps, Major General A. P. Stewart’s Division. The battalion reported 51 casualties out of 145 effectives engaged. Major Newman was wounded and Captain Simpson took command of the battalion.
On November 12, the brigade was transferred to Breckinridge’s Corps, Major General C. L. Stevenson’s Division, and the battalion consolidated into a field unit with the 45th Regiment under the command of Colonel Anderson Searcy, which lasted throughout the war. After Major Newman recovered from his wounds, he was placed on the supernumerary list, and given detached service. For the further history, and brigade assignments of the consolidated unit, see the history of the 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
The last report from any company of the 23rd Battalion was dated August 31, 1864 at Atlanta, and read: “The company left camp in Dalton, Georgia May 6, 1864, and served with the command in marching, working and fighting till this time. It was in the assault at Resaca May 14, and engaged May 15; also on June 22 near Marietta, Georgia, besides a great deal of skirmishing and picket firing.”
At times in the Official Records, the 23rd Battalion is reported as though it were a regiment) and care must be taken not to confuse these reports with Colonel Matt Martin’s 23rd Regiment which by this time had formed a field unit with the 17th Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
32nd Tennessee Infantry CSA.
Organized October 28, 1861; reorganized September 19, 1862; formed Company “A” 4th Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment April 9, 1865; paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865.
FIELD OFFICERS
CAPTAINS
The ten companies composing the regiment had been organized during the month of October 1861, and assembled at Camp Trousdale, Sumner County, where they were organized into this regiment.
On November 14th the regiment moved to East Tennessee to guard railroad bridges and suppress insurrection in Hamilton, Sequatchie and Marion Counties. At this time it was reported with 850 men, armed with 500 flintlock muskets. On November 21, at Chattanooga, Colonel S. A. M. Wood, of the 7th Alabama Infantry Regiment, reported “Colonel Cook’s Regiment, partially armed, and the 7th Alabama are here. I have assumed command.
On December 9, by order of Major General George B. Crittenden, it moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, where, on January 31, 1862, it was reported in Major General William I. Hardee’s Army of Central Kentucky, Colonel J. C. Brown’s Brigade, composed of the 3rd, 18th, and 32nd Tennessee Infantry Regiments. It remained in Brown’s Brigade throughout the war.
From Bowling Green, it was ordered to Fort Donelson arriving shortly before the battle at that point, where Brown’s Brigade was in Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner’s Division. Here Lieutenant Colonel Moore was killed, and Colonel Cook was commended for gallant bearing and excellent handling of his regiment. It entered the battle with 555 effectives, had three killed, 36 wounded, and surrendered 528.
Major Brownlow and some men from the regiment not captured at Fort Donelson subsequently served for a time in the 35th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, until their own regiment was exchanged and reorganized and Major Brownlow served for a time as major of that regiment. A Federal report from Camp Butler, Ohio, dated March 1862 listed only 10 men from the 32nd Regiment who desired to take the oath of allegiance, an excellent showing compared to the large numbers from other Tennessee Regiments on the same list.
The regiment was exchanged at Vicksburg, Mississippi September 12, 1862, and reorganized at Jackson, Mississippi September 19, with the re-election of Colonel Cook, and the election of W. P. O’Neal as lieutenant colonel and John P. McGuire as major. Colonel Cook died in June, 1864, and Major McGuire succeeded him as colonel, while Captain Calaway G. Tucker became major.
Soon after reorganization the regiment moved to Murfreesboro, where on October 28, 1862 it was reported in Major General J. C. Breckinridge’s Army of Middle Tennessee, with Colonel Joseph B. Palmer in command of Brown’s Brigade which was now composed of the 18th, 32nd Tennessee, 32nd Alabama, 4th Florida Infantry Regiments and two batteries. On November 29 the same brigade was reported in Lieutenant General Leonidas Polk’s Corps, but on December 19, 1862 the brigade with the exception of the 28th Tennessee assumed the form it was to maintain for nearly two years, being composed of the 18th, 26th, 28th, 3rd, and 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, plus Moses’ Georgia Battery. The brigade was placed in Breckinridge’s Division, Hardee’s Corps.
On December 25 the regiment was ordered by Hardee on detached service to Wartrace, where it was employed in guarding the railroad bridges when the Battle of Murfreesboro was fought on December 31, 1862. On January 29, 1863, Brown’s Brigade reported a total of 1788 effectives out of 2221 present, with the 32nd still on detached service. On February 16 the 28th Regiment was transferred to Wright’s Brigade, Cheatham’s Division, and on February 28 the 23rd Tennessee Infantry Battalion was assigned to the brigade to replace it. On May 21 the brigade reported 1899 effectives out of 2305 present. During this period, the 32nd was stationed in the vicinity of Tullahoma and Fairfield, Tennessee, with one move to Loudon and return.
When the retreat from Middle Tennessee was begun in the summer of 1863, the 32nd moved to Charleston, where it was stationed during July and August. On July 31, the brigade was transferred to Major General Alexander P. Stewart’s Division. From Charleston the regiment moved to La Fayette, Georgia on September 2, and from there to Chickamauga on September 18, to take part in the Battle of Chickamauga September 19-20.
In this battle, General Brown was wounded on the second day, and Colonel Cook took command of the brigade, with Major McGuire taking command of the regiment. Major McGuire was wounded, and Captain Tucker assumed command of the regiment. The regiment lost 165 of 361 engaged. On October 31, Captain Deavenport was reported in command of the regiment.
On November 12, 1863, the brigade was transferred to Major General C. L. Stevenson’s Division, and the 3rd Tennessee Volunteer Regiment returned to the brigade. In the Battle of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863, General Brown was in command of the division, and Major McGuire of the 32nd Regiment. The regiment was stationed on Lookout Mountain on the 24th, and moved to Missionary Ridge too late to stem the tide of battle there. It lost 18 casualties in this fight, and on December 14, 1863 reported 248 effectives out of 321 present.
The regiment went into winter quarters at Dalton, Georgia, where, with the exception of one move to Rome, Georgia, from February 5 to 25, it remained until the resumption of fighting May 13, 1864. Engagements mentioned in company reports were; Swamp Creek, May 13; Resaca, May 15; New Hope Church May 24; Marietta, June 22; “did its part in all the skirmishing and regular fighting which was more or less every day during the time the enemy held that point and has continued to the present time, August 31, 1864 near East Point, Georgia.” During this campaign Stevenson’s Division had been in Lieutenant General John B. Hood’s Corps. When Hood superseded Joseph E. Johnston in command of the army, Lieutenant General Stephen D. Lee was given command of the corps, and the brigade remained in his corps until the end.
On November 18, 1864, Brown’s and Reynolds’ Brigades were consolidated under the command of Colonel Joseph B. Palmer. The units in Reynolds’ Brigade were the 58th and 60th North Carolina, 54th and 63rd Virginia Infantry Regiments. Lee’s Corps did not arrive at the Battle of Franklin till late in the afternoon, too late to be engaged there, and Palmer’s Brigade was on detached service at the time the Battle of Nashville was fought.
On December 21, 1864, at Columbia, Tennessee, Palmer’s Brigade was reported as composed of the 3rd/18th, 32nd, 45th Tennessee, 54th Virginia, 63rd Virginia/60th North Carolina Infantry Regiments. The 26th Tennessee was not listed, but this may have been an error, as the 26th was once more reported as a member of the brigade on January 19, 1865. On December 21, the 32nd reported only 19 present. On January 19, 1865, the 3rd/18th/23rd/26th/32nd/45th Tennessee combined reported a total of 306 effectives out of 471 present.
The remnant of the regiment, with the brigade, moved to North Carolina to join General Joseph E. Johnston. At Smithfield, North Carolina, March 18, 1865, in the order of battle for Johnston’s Army, Palmer’s Brigade was reported as consisting of the 58th North Carolina, 54th Virginia, 63rd Virginia/60th North Carolina and the 3rd/18th/26th/32nd/ 46th Tennessee Regiments and the 23rd Tennessee Battalion, with the Tennessee units consolidated into one organization under Colonel McGuire of the 32nd. However, in a return of the Army of Tennessee dated April 1, 1865, McGuire’s Command was listed as the 1st/18th/32nd/45th/6th Tennessee Infantry Regiments. Both tables were probably inaccurate, as the 1st and 6th Tennessee just prior to this time had been reported in a consolidated brigade commanded by Colonel Hume R. Feild, and the 46th had all along been in Quarles’ Brigade. The correct composition of Colonel McGuire’s command was probably the 3rd/18th/26th/32nd/45th Tennessee Infantry, Regiments; and the 23rd Tennessee Infantry Battalion. At any rate, the question is of only academic interest, for on April 9, 1865, in the final reorganization of Johnston’s Army, the 2nd/’3rd/lOth/lSth/-18th/20th/26th/30th/32nd/37th/45th Tennessee Regiments and the 23rd Tennessee Battalion formed the Fourth Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment commanded by Colonel Anderson Searcy of the 45th Tennessee. This regiment formed one of four in the brigade commanded by Brigadier General Joseph B. Palmer, which was surrendered with the rest of Johnston’s Army, and paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865.
FIELD OFFICERS
- Colonels-Edmond C. Cook, John P. Mc-Guire.
- Lieutenant Colonels-William P. Moore, W. P. O’Neal.
- Majors-W. W. I. Brownlow, John P. McGuire, Calaway G. Tucker.
CAPTAINS
- Calaway G. Tucker, Co. “A”, formerly “C”. “The Swan Creek Guards.” Men from Lincoln and Marshall Counties.
- John M. Winstead, Field Arrowsmith, Co. “B” formerly “G”. Men from Giles County.
- William P. Moore, Thomas D. Deavenport, Co. “C”, formerly “D”. “The Allen Guards.” Men from Lawrence County.
- Edmond C. Cook, Jacob H. Morton, Robert F. McCaul, Co. “D”, formerly “H”. Men from Williamson County.
- Hiram T. Hunnicutt, Jacob M. Bass, Co. “E”, formerly “B”. Men from Pulaski, Giles County.
- Willis Worley, Joseph Young, Co. “F”, formerly “A”. Men from Giles County.
- William P. O’Neal, Fountain P. Wade, Robert F. Hall, Co. “G”, formerly “I”. Men from Belfast, Marshall County.
- Thomas Hanna, John L. Browulow, James F. Fogg, Co. “H”, formerly “K”. Men from Giles County.
- James J. Finney, William A. Sumners, Co. “I”, formerly “E”. “The Millville Men.” Men from Lincoln County.
- Elijah H. Ikard, John D. Clarke, Co. “K”, formerly “F”. Men from Decherd, Franklin County.
The ten companies composing the regiment had been organized during the month of October 1861, and assembled at Camp Trousdale, Sumner County, where they were organized into this regiment.
On November 14th the regiment moved to East Tennessee to guard railroad bridges and suppress insurrection in Hamilton, Sequatchie and Marion Counties. At this time it was reported with 850 men, armed with 500 flintlock muskets. On November 21, at Chattanooga, Colonel S. A. M. Wood, of the 7th Alabama Infantry Regiment, reported “Colonel Cook’s Regiment, partially armed, and the 7th Alabama are here. I have assumed command.
On December 9, by order of Major General George B. Crittenden, it moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, where, on January 31, 1862, it was reported in Major General William I. Hardee’s Army of Central Kentucky, Colonel J. C. Brown’s Brigade, composed of the 3rd, 18th, and 32nd Tennessee Infantry Regiments. It remained in Brown’s Brigade throughout the war.
From Bowling Green, it was ordered to Fort Donelson arriving shortly before the battle at that point, where Brown’s Brigade was in Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner’s Division. Here Lieutenant Colonel Moore was killed, and Colonel Cook was commended for gallant bearing and excellent handling of his regiment. It entered the battle with 555 effectives, had three killed, 36 wounded, and surrendered 528.
Major Brownlow and some men from the regiment not captured at Fort Donelson subsequently served for a time in the 35th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, until their own regiment was exchanged and reorganized and Major Brownlow served for a time as major of that regiment. A Federal report from Camp Butler, Ohio, dated March 1862 listed only 10 men from the 32nd Regiment who desired to take the oath of allegiance, an excellent showing compared to the large numbers from other Tennessee Regiments on the same list.
The regiment was exchanged at Vicksburg, Mississippi September 12, 1862, and reorganized at Jackson, Mississippi September 19, with the re-election of Colonel Cook, and the election of W. P. O’Neal as lieutenant colonel and John P. McGuire as major. Colonel Cook died in June, 1864, and Major McGuire succeeded him as colonel, while Captain Calaway G. Tucker became major.
Soon after reorganization the regiment moved to Murfreesboro, where on October 28, 1862 it was reported in Major General J. C. Breckinridge’s Army of Middle Tennessee, with Colonel Joseph B. Palmer in command of Brown’s Brigade which was now composed of the 18th, 32nd Tennessee, 32nd Alabama, 4th Florida Infantry Regiments and two batteries. On November 29 the same brigade was reported in Lieutenant General Leonidas Polk’s Corps, but on December 19, 1862 the brigade with the exception of the 28th Tennessee assumed the form it was to maintain for nearly two years, being composed of the 18th, 26th, 28th, 3rd, and 45th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, plus Moses’ Georgia Battery. The brigade was placed in Breckinridge’s Division, Hardee’s Corps.
On December 25 the regiment was ordered by Hardee on detached service to Wartrace, where it was employed in guarding the railroad bridges when the Battle of Murfreesboro was fought on December 31, 1862. On January 29, 1863, Brown’s Brigade reported a total of 1788 effectives out of 2221 present, with the 32nd still on detached service. On February 16 the 28th Regiment was transferred to Wright’s Brigade, Cheatham’s Division, and on February 28 the 23rd Tennessee Infantry Battalion was assigned to the brigade to replace it. On May 21 the brigade reported 1899 effectives out of 2305 present. During this period, the 32nd was stationed in the vicinity of Tullahoma and Fairfield, Tennessee, with one move to Loudon and return.
When the retreat from Middle Tennessee was begun in the summer of 1863, the 32nd moved to Charleston, where it was stationed during July and August. On July 31, the brigade was transferred to Major General Alexander P. Stewart’s Division. From Charleston the regiment moved to La Fayette, Georgia on September 2, and from there to Chickamauga on September 18, to take part in the Battle of Chickamauga September 19-20.
In this battle, General Brown was wounded on the second day, and Colonel Cook took command of the brigade, with Major McGuire taking command of the regiment. Major McGuire was wounded, and Captain Tucker assumed command of the regiment. The regiment lost 165 of 361 engaged. On October 31, Captain Deavenport was reported in command of the regiment.
On November 12, 1863, the brigade was transferred to Major General C. L. Stevenson’s Division, and the 3rd Tennessee Volunteer Regiment returned to the brigade. In the Battle of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863, General Brown was in command of the division, and Major McGuire of the 32nd Regiment. The regiment was stationed on Lookout Mountain on the 24th, and moved to Missionary Ridge too late to stem the tide of battle there. It lost 18 casualties in this fight, and on December 14, 1863 reported 248 effectives out of 321 present.
The regiment went into winter quarters at Dalton, Georgia, where, with the exception of one move to Rome, Georgia, from February 5 to 25, it remained until the resumption of fighting May 13, 1864. Engagements mentioned in company reports were; Swamp Creek, May 13; Resaca, May 15; New Hope Church May 24; Marietta, June 22; “did its part in all the skirmishing and regular fighting which was more or less every day during the time the enemy held that point and has continued to the present time, August 31, 1864 near East Point, Georgia.” During this campaign Stevenson’s Division had been in Lieutenant General John B. Hood’s Corps. When Hood superseded Joseph E. Johnston in command of the army, Lieutenant General Stephen D. Lee was given command of the corps, and the brigade remained in his corps until the end.
On November 18, 1864, Brown’s and Reynolds’ Brigades were consolidated under the command of Colonel Joseph B. Palmer. The units in Reynolds’ Brigade were the 58th and 60th North Carolina, 54th and 63rd Virginia Infantry Regiments. Lee’s Corps did not arrive at the Battle of Franklin till late in the afternoon, too late to be engaged there, and Palmer’s Brigade was on detached service at the time the Battle of Nashville was fought.
On December 21, 1864, at Columbia, Tennessee, Palmer’s Brigade was reported as composed of the 3rd/18th, 32nd, 45th Tennessee, 54th Virginia, 63rd Virginia/60th North Carolina Infantry Regiments. The 26th Tennessee was not listed, but this may have been an error, as the 26th was once more reported as a member of the brigade on January 19, 1865. On December 21, the 32nd reported only 19 present. On January 19, 1865, the 3rd/18th/23rd/26th/32nd/45th Tennessee combined reported a total of 306 effectives out of 471 present.
The remnant of the regiment, with the brigade, moved to North Carolina to join General Joseph E. Johnston. At Smithfield, North Carolina, March 18, 1865, in the order of battle for Johnston’s Army, Palmer’s Brigade was reported as consisting of the 58th North Carolina, 54th Virginia, 63rd Virginia/60th North Carolina and the 3rd/18th/26th/32nd/ 46th Tennessee Regiments and the 23rd Tennessee Battalion, with the Tennessee units consolidated into one organization under Colonel McGuire of the 32nd. However, in a return of the Army of Tennessee dated April 1, 1865, McGuire’s Command was listed as the 1st/18th/32nd/45th/6th Tennessee Infantry Regiments. Both tables were probably inaccurate, as the 1st and 6th Tennessee just prior to this time had been reported in a consolidated brigade commanded by Colonel Hume R. Feild, and the 46th had all along been in Quarles’ Brigade. The correct composition of Colonel McGuire’s command was probably the 3rd/18th/26th/32nd/45th Tennessee Infantry, Regiments; and the 23rd Tennessee Infantry Battalion. At any rate, the question is of only academic interest, for on April 9, 1865, in the final reorganization of Johnston’s Army, the 2nd/’3rd/lOth/lSth/-18th/20th/26th/30th/32nd/37th/45th Tennessee Regiments and the 23rd Tennessee Battalion formed the Fourth Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment commanded by Colonel Anderson Searcy of the 45th Tennessee. This regiment formed one of four in the brigade commanded by Brigadier General Joseph B. Palmer, which was surrendered with the rest of Johnston’s Army, and paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865.
41st Tennessee Infantry Regiment CSA.
Organized November 28, 1861; captured at Fort Donelson; reorganized September 29, 1862; finally formed Company “E”, 3rd Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment, paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.
FIELD OFFICERS
The 41st Regiment was organized at Camp Trousdale, whence it moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, and was placed in Colonel W. E. Baldwin’s Brigade, Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner’s Division of the Central Army of Kentucky. The components of the brigade were the 14th, 26th Mississippi Infantry Regiments, 26th and 41st Tennessee Infantry Regiments. The brigade was ordered to Fort Donelson February 12, 1862, and here Baldwin’s Brigade was temporarily divided, the 14th Mississippi and 41st Tennessee Regiments, with Porter’s and Graves’ Batteries being attached to Colonel John C. Brown’s Brigade of Buckner’s Division; the 26th Mississippi and 26th Tennessee were detached to Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow’s Division. The 41st reported 575 engaged, two killed, six wounded, 26 missing. It was in reserve during the early stages of the battle, and not heavily engaged until the Federal assault on Buckner’s position late in the after-noon of the 15th of February. It was surrendered along with the rest of Buckner’s forces on the 16th; the enlisted men sent to Camp Morton, Indiana, the line officers to Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, and later to Johnson’s Island; the field officers to Fort Warren, Massachusetts.
On March 19, at Camp Butler, Springfield, Illinois, 16 men from the 41st appeared on a Federal roll of prisoners who desired to take the oath of allegiance to the Federal Government; a very small percentage considering the large number of men from some other regiments appearing on the list.
The regiment was released on parole at Vicksburg, Mississippi September 18, 1862. It was reorganized at Clinton, Mississippi on the 2~h of September, and declared exchanged November 10, 1862. A number of men who were not captured at Fort Donelson served in other regiments, and many of them returned to the regiment when it was reorganized.
On December 27, 1862, Lieutenant General 3. C. Pemberton placed the 41st in a brigade commanded by Brigadier General John Gregg, composed of the 3rd/30th, 1Oth/4lst, Soth, 51st Tennessee Infantry Regiments and Colm’s 1st Tennessee Battalion. The 41st reported 526 effectives. Early in January the brigade moved to Port Hudson, Louisiana, where it was in Major General Franklin Gardner’s District of Louisiana. In April 1863, the 9th Louisiana Battalion, the 7th Texas Infantry Regiment, the Brookhaven Artillery, and Bledsoe’s Battery were reported as members of the brigade. At this time the 41lst/50th/51st Regiment and 1st Tennessee Battalion were serving as a field unit under the command of Lieutenant Colonel T. W. Beaumont.
On May 2, 1863 the brigade left Port Hudson for Jackson, Mississippi, and was engaged in some heavy fighting at Raymond, Mississippi on May 12, 1863. On May 26, 1863, Gregg’s Brigade was reported in the division commanded by Major General W. H. T. Walker, with headquarters at Canton, Mississippi. The 9th Louisiana Battalion was gone, but otherwise the brigade was the same. By July 30, the 14th Mississippi had been transferred elsewhere. A Federal report of prisoners paroled at Port Hudson, Louisiana dated July 10, 1863 listed an Improvised Teunessee Battalion composed of details from the 41st/42nd/48th/49th/53rd/55th Tennessee Regiments.
The regiment was stationed near Vernon, Mississippi on June 30th, was at Yazoo City when Vicksburg fell on July 4, and encamped during August at Enterprise, Mississippi. Walker’s Division was transferred to the Army of Tennessee in September, moving from Enterprise September 7 via Mobile to Chickamauga, where it was engaged in the Battle of Chickamauga September 19-20. In this battle, Gregg’s Brigade was in Brigadier General Bushrod Johnson’s Provisional Division. The 41st reported 325 engaged, but no report of casualties was found.
Following the battle, the brigade returned to Walker’s Division, but on November 12, 1863, Gregg’s Brigade was broken up, and the 41st placed in Brigadier General George Maney’s Brigade, of Walker’s Division. The brigade consisted of the lst/27th, 4th Confederate, 6th/9th, 41st, 50th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, and Maney’s 24th Sharpshooter Battalion. It was engaged in the Battle of Missionary Ridge November 25, 1863, and on the 26th, while acting as guard for Ferguson’s Battery, was ambushed at Graysville, Georgia where it suffered a number of casualties. It retreated to Dalton, Georgia, where it went into winter quarters. On December 14, 1863 it reported 201 effecfives, 226 present, with 151 arms. While at Dalton, on February 20, the brigade was transferred to Major General B. F. Cheatham’s Division.
The regiment remained at Dalton until the resumption of activity in May, with the exception of one expedition to Demopolis, Alabama, and return from February 19 to 29th. It was part of a force which was started to reenforce General Leonidas Polk in Mississippi, but which was recalled before reaching its destination. On June 30, 1864, during the Atlanta Campaign, the 41st was transferred to Brigadier General Otho Strahl’s Brigade of Cheatham’s Division, which was composed of the 4th/5th, 24th, 31st, 33rd and 41st Tennessee Infantry Regiments. This brigade assignment continued until the surrender in 1865.
No report of regimental activities for May and June, 1864 was found, but company reports for July and August show the regiment left Kennesaw July 2; reached Chattahoochee River July 5; fell back to Atlanta, July 19; was engaged in the battle July 22; left Atlanta August 26; at East Point August 28; moved to Jonesboro August 29-30; and was engaged at Jonesboro August 31. On September 10, it was still at Jonesboro. A Federal report of an engagement at Atlanta August 20 mentioned the capture of eight men from the 41st Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
No further details of the activities of the 41st were found, but as part of Strahrs Brigade it was with General John B. Hood in his invasion of Tennessee, and the Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864, where General Strahl was killed. Following this battle, on December 10, 1864, Strahrs Brigade was commanded by Colonel Andrew J. Kellar, the lath and 38th Tennessee Regiments had been added, and the make-up of the brigade was 4th/5th/31st/33rd/38th Tennessee Regiments commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Finlay, and the 19th/24th/41st Tennessee Regiments commanded by Captain Daniel A. Kennedy. On March 31, 1865, in the order of battle of General Joseph E. Johnston’s Army at Smithfield, North Carolina, Colonel James D. Tillman was in command of the brigade, with the same units, but the 19th/24th/41st commanded by Colonel C. W. Heiskell.
In the final reorganization of Johnston’s Army April 9, 1865, Colonel Tillman was in command of the 3rd Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment, made up from the 4th/5th/24th/31st/33rd/35th/38th/41st Tennessee Infantry Regiments and this regiment was paroled with the rest of Johnston’s forces at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.
FIELD OFFICERS
- Colonels-Robert Farquarson, James D. Tillman.
- Lieutenant Colonels-Robert G. McClure, James D. Tillman, Thomas G. Miller.
- Major-Thomas G. Miller.
- William W. James, Hugh L. W. Little, Co. “A”. Men from Lincoln County.
- William Lafayette Brown, Joel C. Russell, Samuel O. Woods, Co. “B”, also called “G”. “The Richmond Gentrys.” Men from Bedford County.
- James D. Scott, James R. Feeney, Benjamin J. Chafin, Co. “C” also called H”. Men from Lincoln County.
- Joseph H. George, William J. March, Thomas D. Griffis, Co. “D”. “The Liberty Guards.” Men from Lincoln County.
- John J. Fly, William B. Fonville, Co. “E”. Men from Lincoln and Marshall Counties.
- Abner S. Boone, William E. Cunningham, Co. “F”. “The Shelbyville Rebels.” Men from Bedford County.
- Comer H. Bean, William E. Murrell, Co. “G”. Men from Moore County, then part of Franklin County.
- Robert G. McClure, John C. Osburn, Co. “H”. Men from Marshall County.
- Albert G. Clopton, A. M. Kieth, Co. “I”. Men from Franklin and Bedford Counties.
- Littleberry Logan, James H. Moore, William B. Baxter, Benjamin Boone, James Y. Norman, Co. “K”. Men from Bedford County.
The 41st Regiment was organized at Camp Trousdale, whence it moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, and was placed in Colonel W. E. Baldwin’s Brigade, Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner’s Division of the Central Army of Kentucky. The components of the brigade were the 14th, 26th Mississippi Infantry Regiments, 26th and 41st Tennessee Infantry Regiments. The brigade was ordered to Fort Donelson February 12, 1862, and here Baldwin’s Brigade was temporarily divided, the 14th Mississippi and 41st Tennessee Regiments, with Porter’s and Graves’ Batteries being attached to Colonel John C. Brown’s Brigade of Buckner’s Division; the 26th Mississippi and 26th Tennessee were detached to Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow’s Division. The 41st reported 575 engaged, two killed, six wounded, 26 missing. It was in reserve during the early stages of the battle, and not heavily engaged until the Federal assault on Buckner’s position late in the after-noon of the 15th of February. It was surrendered along with the rest of Buckner’s forces on the 16th; the enlisted men sent to Camp Morton, Indiana, the line officers to Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, and later to Johnson’s Island; the field officers to Fort Warren, Massachusetts.
On March 19, at Camp Butler, Springfield, Illinois, 16 men from the 41st appeared on a Federal roll of prisoners who desired to take the oath of allegiance to the Federal Government; a very small percentage considering the large number of men from some other regiments appearing on the list.
The regiment was released on parole at Vicksburg, Mississippi September 18, 1862. It was reorganized at Clinton, Mississippi on the 2~h of September, and declared exchanged November 10, 1862. A number of men who were not captured at Fort Donelson served in other regiments, and many of them returned to the regiment when it was reorganized.
On December 27, 1862, Lieutenant General 3. C. Pemberton placed the 41st in a brigade commanded by Brigadier General John Gregg, composed of the 3rd/30th, 1Oth/4lst, Soth, 51st Tennessee Infantry Regiments and Colm’s 1st Tennessee Battalion. The 41st reported 526 effectives. Early in January the brigade moved to Port Hudson, Louisiana, where it was in Major General Franklin Gardner’s District of Louisiana. In April 1863, the 9th Louisiana Battalion, the 7th Texas Infantry Regiment, the Brookhaven Artillery, and Bledsoe’s Battery were reported as members of the brigade. At this time the 41lst/50th/51st Regiment and 1st Tennessee Battalion were serving as a field unit under the command of Lieutenant Colonel T. W. Beaumont.
On May 2, 1863 the brigade left Port Hudson for Jackson, Mississippi, and was engaged in some heavy fighting at Raymond, Mississippi on May 12, 1863. On May 26, 1863, Gregg’s Brigade was reported in the division commanded by Major General W. H. T. Walker, with headquarters at Canton, Mississippi. The 9th Louisiana Battalion was gone, but otherwise the brigade was the same. By July 30, the 14th Mississippi had been transferred elsewhere. A Federal report of prisoners paroled at Port Hudson, Louisiana dated July 10, 1863 listed an Improvised Teunessee Battalion composed of details from the 41st/42nd/48th/49th/53rd/55th Tennessee Regiments.
The regiment was stationed near Vernon, Mississippi on June 30th, was at Yazoo City when Vicksburg fell on July 4, and encamped during August at Enterprise, Mississippi. Walker’s Division was transferred to the Army of Tennessee in September, moving from Enterprise September 7 via Mobile to Chickamauga, where it was engaged in the Battle of Chickamauga September 19-20. In this battle, Gregg’s Brigade was in Brigadier General Bushrod Johnson’s Provisional Division. The 41st reported 325 engaged, but no report of casualties was found.
Following the battle, the brigade returned to Walker’s Division, but on November 12, 1863, Gregg’s Brigade was broken up, and the 41st placed in Brigadier General George Maney’s Brigade, of Walker’s Division. The brigade consisted of the lst/27th, 4th Confederate, 6th/9th, 41st, 50th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, and Maney’s 24th Sharpshooter Battalion. It was engaged in the Battle of Missionary Ridge November 25, 1863, and on the 26th, while acting as guard for Ferguson’s Battery, was ambushed at Graysville, Georgia where it suffered a number of casualties. It retreated to Dalton, Georgia, where it went into winter quarters. On December 14, 1863 it reported 201 effecfives, 226 present, with 151 arms. While at Dalton, on February 20, the brigade was transferred to Major General B. F. Cheatham’s Division.
The regiment remained at Dalton until the resumption of activity in May, with the exception of one expedition to Demopolis, Alabama, and return from February 19 to 29th. It was part of a force which was started to reenforce General Leonidas Polk in Mississippi, but which was recalled before reaching its destination. On June 30, 1864, during the Atlanta Campaign, the 41st was transferred to Brigadier General Otho Strahl’s Brigade of Cheatham’s Division, which was composed of the 4th/5th, 24th, 31st, 33rd and 41st Tennessee Infantry Regiments. This brigade assignment continued until the surrender in 1865.
No report of regimental activities for May and June, 1864 was found, but company reports for July and August show the regiment left Kennesaw July 2; reached Chattahoochee River July 5; fell back to Atlanta, July 19; was engaged in the battle July 22; left Atlanta August 26; at East Point August 28; moved to Jonesboro August 29-30; and was engaged at Jonesboro August 31. On September 10, it was still at Jonesboro. A Federal report of an engagement at Atlanta August 20 mentioned the capture of eight men from the 41st Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
No further details of the activities of the 41st were found, but as part of Strahrs Brigade it was with General John B. Hood in his invasion of Tennessee, and the Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864, where General Strahl was killed. Following this battle, on December 10, 1864, Strahrs Brigade was commanded by Colonel Andrew J. Kellar, the lath and 38th Tennessee Regiments had been added, and the make-up of the brigade was 4th/5th/31st/33rd/38th Tennessee Regiments commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Finlay, and the 19th/24th/41st Tennessee Regiments commanded by Captain Daniel A. Kennedy. On March 31, 1865, in the order of battle of General Joseph E. Johnston’s Army at Smithfield, North Carolina, Colonel James D. Tillman was in command of the brigade, with the same units, but the 19th/24th/41st commanded by Colonel C. W. Heiskell.
In the final reorganization of Johnston’s Army April 9, 1865, Colonel Tillman was in command of the 3rd Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment, made up from the 4th/5th/24th/31st/33rd/35th/38th/41st Tennessee Infantry Regiments and this regiment was paroled with the rest of Johnston’s forces at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.
The 44th Tennessee Infantry CSA.
The following history is taken from "Tennesseans in the Civil War" as compiled by the Civil War Centennial Commission, 1964.
The 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Trousdale December 16, 1861; consolidated with 55th (McKoin's) Tennessee Infantry April 18, 1862 to form 44th Consolidated Tennessee Infantry; reorganized May 5, 1862; field consolidation with 25th Tennessee Infantry October, 1863; paroled at Appomattox Courthouse April 9, 1865.
First Organization
FIELD OFFICERS
Colonel-Coleman A. McDaniel
Lt. Colonel-Henry S. Shied
Major -J. Matt Johnson
CAPTAINS
W.P. Cherry, Co. "A". Consolidated with "D" and "F" to form "D", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Coffee County.
William L. Parks, Co. "B". Consolidated with "C" to form "K", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Coffee and Grundy Counties.
Henry S. Shied, Gipson M.Crawford, Co. "C". Consolidated with "B" to form "K", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Coffee County.
James Wagner, Co. "D". Consolidated with "A" and "F" to form "K", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Franklin County.
Coleman A. McDaniel, Thomas M. Bell, Co. "E". Became "B", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Lincoln County.
America Arnold, Co. "F". Consolidated with "A" and "D" to form "D", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Coffee County.
William A. Rhodes, Co. "G". Consolidated with "K" to form "F", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Lincoln County.
Williamson C. Haggard, Co. "H". Consolidated with "I" to form "A", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Bedford County.
Samuel Stiles, Co. "I". Consolidated with "H" to form "A", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Lincoln County.
David G. Smith, Co. "K". Consolidated with "G" to form "F", Consolidated Regiment. Men from Lincoln County.
Consolidated Organization
FIELD OFFICERS
Colonels-John H. Kelly, John S. Fulton
Lt. Colonel-John L. McEwen, Jr.
Majors- John S. Fulton, Henry C. Ewin, Gipson M. Crawford.
CAPTAINS
Samuel Stiles, Thomas W. Tarpley Co. "A" (also called "D"). A consolidation of "H" and "F" of 44th.
Jonathan E. Spencer, Co. "B". Co. "E" of 44th plus some transfers from 41st (also called "K").
W.N. James, Co. "C". A consolidation of James' and Dillehay's companies of the 55th (also called "I").
John W. Chandler, David A. Buckner, Co. "D" (also called "F"). A consolidation of "A" , "D" and "F" of 44th.
William W. Burnett, George T. Dodson, Co. "E". A consolidation of "F" and "H" of 55th plus transfers from 41st.
John S. Fulton, Joel J. Jones, James L. Hogan, William H. Gibbs,'Co. "F". A consolidation of "G" and "K" of 44th (also called "A").
Samuel J. Warner, Co. "G" (also called "B"). A consolidation of Bounds' and Duggan's companies of 55th.
William Day, H. B. Day, John W. Warmack, Co. "H". A consolidation of Day's and Joyner's companies of 55th.
Samuel Jackson, John H. Hunter, Co. "I" (also called "G"). A consolidation of "I" and McEwen's company of the 55th.
Gipson M. Crawford, J. Robert Oliver, Co. "K". A consolidation of "B" and "C" of 44th.
Some of the companies bore different letters in the interval between the first consolidation and the final organization with election of regimental officers. The letters shown are those used after the final reorganization.
Shortly after organization the regiment moved to Camp Hardee, Bowling Green, Kentucky, where it was placed in Brigadier General S. A. M. Wood's Brigade, along with the 7th Alabama, 5th, 7th, 8th, and a battalion from the 9th Arkansas Infantry Regiments, and the 3rd Mississippi Infantry Battalion. Following the fall of Fort Donelson February 16, 1862, the brigade fell back through Nashville to Murfreesboro, where on February 23, 1862, the brigade was reported as composed of the following units: 7th, 16th Alabama, 8th Arkansas, battalion from 9th Arkansas, 27th, 44th, 55th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, the 3rd Mississippi Battalion, two batteries, and Avery's Georgia Cavalry. The brigade was placed in Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow's Division, but shortly Brigadier General T. C. Hindman took command of the division.
As part of this division the brigade was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh April 6-7, 1862. General Wood, in his report, stated the 44th entered the battle with 250 muskets. Doctor Noblitt, Assistant Surgeon for the regiment, said in his account in Lindsley's Annals, that the 44th entered the engagement with 470 men in line, and at roll call Tuesday morning, April 9, 120 answered to their names. Colonel McDaniel and Lieutenant Colonel Shied were both wounded, and Major Johnson had been absent from the regiment for some time because of illness.
As a result, on April 18, 1862, the 44th was permanently consolidated with the 55th (McKoin's) regiment which had also suffered heavy losses, to form the 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment Consolidated, or the 44th Tennessee Infantry, 2nd Organization.
Field officers appointed by General Hardee were Colonel John H. Kelly, 3rd Arkansas Battalion; Lieutenant Colonel John L.McEwen, from 55th Tennessee; Major Henrv C. Ewin (or Ewen) from 55th Tennessee. After company officers were elected, they were authorized by General Bragg to choose their own field officers, and John S. Fulton, of the 44th, was elected to. replace Colonel Kelly, but McEwen was continued as lieutenant colonel and Ewin as major. Major Ewin was mortally wounded at the Battle of Murfreesboro December 31, 1862, and Captain G. M. Crawford succeeded him as Major. One company report stated Andrew Ewing was chosen major, and Doctor Noblitt listed William Ewing, but it is believed these were errors, as no Ewing was found in the muster rolls of the 44th Consolidated Regiment, and it is believed Henry C. Ewin is the correct name.
On April 26 the 44th Consolidated was reported with 489 electives, in Wood's Brigade, composed of the 16th Alabama, 8th Arkansas, 33rd Mississippi, 27th, 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiments, Avery's Georgia Dragoons, and the Jefferson Light Artillery.
The brigade fell back to Tupelo Mav 29; moved from Tupelo on July 27 for Chattanooga, where Brigadier General Bushrod R, Johnson took command of the brigade which was placed in Major General Simon B. Buckner's Division. It moved up through the Sequatchie Valley for General Bragg's invasion of Kentucky; was present at the surrender of Munfordville, Kentucky; and engaged at the Battle of Perryville, October 8, 1862. At this time, the brigade consisted of the 5th (9th) Confederate, 17th, 23rd, 25th, 37th, and 44th Tennessee Regiments, plus Darden's Battery. The 44th had 43 casualties in this battle.
On November 22, 1862, Johnson's Brigade was reported as consisting of the 17th, 23rd, 37th and 44th Tennessee Regiments. The 17th, 23rd, and 44th continued together until the end of the war.
In the Battle of Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862, Johnson's Brigade was in Major General Pat R. Cleburne's Division, and had been increased by the addition of the 25th Tennessee Regiment. The 44th reported 509 men engaged, 174 killed, wounded and missing, including 19 out of 28 officers.
The regiment went into winter quarters at Tullahoma, remained there until April 22, 1863, when it moved to Wartrace; from there on May 24 to Fairfield; and at Hoover's Gap June 24-25, 1863 was in Major General A. P. Stewart's Division, Johnson's Brigade, in support of General William B. Bate's Brigade.
Johnson's Brigade formed the rear guard of Major General William J. Hardee's Corps as it fell back in July from Tullahoma to Chattanooga, and the 44th was stationed around Loudon and Charleston until earlv in September. At Loudon, on July 12, 1863, General Johnson reported that 104 men from the 44th had been left in Middle Tennessee by desertion and otherwise.
From Charleston the regiment moved to Chickamauga, Georgia on September 8, and was engaged in the Battle of Cbickamauga September 19-20, 1863, as part of General Johnson's Provisional Division. Here Colonel Fulton was in command of the brigade, and the 44th reported 113 casualties out of 294 engaged, including Lieutenant Colonel McEwen who was wounded. Prior to the battle 56 barefoot men had been sent to the rear.
On October 31, at Cherokee Springs, still in Stewart's Division, the brigade was reported as composed of the 17th/23rd, and 25tb/44th Tennessee Regiments. Here began a field consolidation with the 25th which was to continue for the duration, although separate muster rolls were maintained. On November 22, the brigade was transferred to Buckner's Division, Lieutenant General Longstreet's Corps, for the invasion of East Tennessee. On November 30, the 63rd Tennessee was reported as a member of the brigade, and these five regiments constituted Johnson's Brigade until the consolidation of Johnson's and Archer's brigades in January 1865.
The 44th was present at the assault on Fort Sanders, Knoxville, November 29, 1863; moved to Rogersville; fought at Bean's Station December 14; moved to Morristown January, 1864; to Dandridge January 15; to Lick Creek February 29; to Midway March 1; from Midway on March 28 to Greeneville, to Jonesboro, to Zollicoffer (now Bluff City), to Vance's Store; to Abingdon, Virginia; left Abingdon April 22 for Richmond; fought at Walthall Junction, Swift Creek and Drewry's Bluff in May, 1864; at Petersburg June 15; and on June 18 was in the trenches outside of Petersburg.
In May, 1864 it had been transferred to Beauregard's Department of North Carolina and South Virginia, Major General Robert F. Hoke's Division, with Colonel Fulton in command of the brigade.
On May 9, 1864, 125 men from the 44th, under Lieutenant Francis M. Kelso, were detailed to man the heavy artillery at Fort Clifton, and engaged in a battle with Federal gunboats which they drove off with considerable damage. On May 16, at Drewry's Bluff, Lieutenant Colonel McEwen and Major McCarver were mortally wounded, and command of the 25th/44th fell upon Captain William N. James. In this engagement, he reported 95 casualties out of 250 electives engaged. Major Crawford also later died of wounds received here.
On June 16, Lieutenant Kelso and his company captured a number of prisoners and three stands of colors, but on June 22 the colors of the 44th were captured by the 48th Pennsylvania Infantry at Petersburg. On June 30, Colonel Fulton was struck by a shell, and mortally wounded.
Company reports show the regiment at Signal Hill, Virginia, August 13, 1864; stationed at Chaffin's Farm September and October; near Petersburg November-December, 1864. No further details of the regiment's activities were found, but in January, 1865, Johnson's and Arcber's Brigades were consolidated under Colonel (later brigadier general) William McComb, formerly of the 14th Tennessee. The lst Confederate, 7th and 14th Tennessee Regiments, and the 2nd Marvland Battalion were the additions which formed the consolidated brigade.
On February 28, 1865 Captain Jonathan E. Spencer was reported in command of the 25th/44th. The regiment, as part of this brigade, Major General Heth's Division, Lieutenant General A. P. Hill's Corps, was surrendered and paroled with Lee's Army at Appomattox Courthouse April 9, 1865.
55th McKoin's Tennesee Infantry CSA.
Organized January 30, 1862; consolidated with 44th Tennessee Infantry April, 1862 to form 44th Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
FIELD OFFICERS
Colonel -- James L. McKoin
Lieutenant Colonel -- Wiley M. Reed
Major -- B. A. James
CAPTAINS
Benjamin F. Duggan, Co. "A". Men from Bedford County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 9, 1861. Formed part of Co. "G", 44th Consolidated.
James E. Scobey, Co. "F". Mustered in at Camp Trousdale, Sumner County, December 20, 1861. Roll reads "33 miles to rendezvous." Consolidated with "H" to form "E", 44th Consolidated.
William W. Burnette, Co. "H". Formed by the consolidation of two incomplete companies, William H. Moore's "Lady's Guards", men from Lincoln County, with William W. Burnette's Company from Davidson County. Consolidated with "F" to form "E", 44th Consolidated.
Wiley M. Reed, John Overton, Jr., Co. "I". Men from Davidson County. "The Nashville Confederates."
George W. Bounds, unlettered company. Men from Rutherford County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 13, 1861. Formed part of Co. "G", 44th Consolidated.
Henry B. Day, unlettered company. Men from Sumner and Macon Counties. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 17, 1861. Formed part of Co. "H", 44th Consolidated.
Alexander R. Dillehay, unlettered company. Men from Smith County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 23, 1861. Formed part of "C", 44th Consolidated.
B. A. James, unlettered company. Men from Smith County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 19, 1861. Formed part of "C", 44th Consolidated.
James H. Joyner, unlettered company. Men from Sumner County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 21, 1861. Formed part of "H", 44th Consolidated.
John L. McEwen, Jr., unlettered company. Men from Williamson County. Enlisted at Franklin November 26, 1861. Mustered in at Nashville December 21, 1861. Formed part of "I", 44th Consolidated.
McKoin's regiment never did receive a regimental number from the Adjutant andInspector General's Office at Richmond, Virginia, as they seemed to have it confused with Colonel A. J. Brown's Regiment, which was officially designated as the 55th Tennessee Infantry. However, the regiment was known in the field as the 55th (McKoin's) Tennessee Infantry. The regiment was organized at Camp Weakley, near Nashville, on January 30, 1862, from these companies which had been formed in November and December, 1861.
On February 16, 1862 the regiment was placed in the forces commanded by Major General William J. Hardee, and on February 23, at Murfreesboro, was reported in Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow's Division, Brigadier General S. A. M. Wood's Brigade, composed of the 7th, 16th Alabama, 8th Arkansas, 9th Arkansas Battalion, 3rd Mississippi Battalion, 27th, 44th and 55th (McKoin's) Tennessee Infantry Regiments, Avery's Cavalry, and Byrne's and Harper's Batteries.
At Shiloh, April 6-7, it participated in the battle as part of this brigade. General Wood, in his enumeration of his forces, listed the 55th with 280 muskets. No record of regimental casualties was found, but Doctor Noblitt of the 44th Tennessee Infantry stated its casualties were so heavy it did not have the minimum numbers to preserve its organization. The 44th had also suffered heavily, and on April 18, 1862, the two regiments were consolidated to form the 44th Consolidated. The consolidation was later pronounced illegal, but it was deemed inexpedient to annul it, and the consolidated organization served the rest of the war as the 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment Consolidated.
For the further history of the regiment, see the history of the 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment. Colonel McKoin resigned on account of ill health, and was placed on the "superannuated roll." Lieutenant Colonel Reed was placed on the supernumerary roll and later served on General Forrest's Staff. He was killed at Fort Pillow April 12, 1864.
FIELD OFFICERS
Colonel -- James L. McKoin
Lieutenant Colonel -- Wiley M. Reed
Major -- B. A. James
CAPTAINS
Benjamin F. Duggan, Co. "A". Men from Bedford County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 9, 1861. Formed part of Co. "G", 44th Consolidated.
James E. Scobey, Co. "F". Mustered in at Camp Trousdale, Sumner County, December 20, 1861. Roll reads "33 miles to rendezvous." Consolidated with "H" to form "E", 44th Consolidated.
William W. Burnette, Co. "H". Formed by the consolidation of two incomplete companies, William H. Moore's "Lady's Guards", men from Lincoln County, with William W. Burnette's Company from Davidson County. Consolidated with "F" to form "E", 44th Consolidated.
Wiley M. Reed, John Overton, Jr., Co. "I". Men from Davidson County. "The Nashville Confederates."
George W. Bounds, unlettered company. Men from Rutherford County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 13, 1861. Formed part of Co. "G", 44th Consolidated.
Henry B. Day, unlettered company. Men from Sumner and Macon Counties. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 17, 1861. Formed part of Co. "H", 44th Consolidated.
Alexander R. Dillehay, unlettered company. Men from Smith County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 23, 1861. Formed part of "C", 44th Consolidated.
B. A. James, unlettered company. Men from Smith County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 19, 1861. Formed part of "C", 44th Consolidated.
James H. Joyner, unlettered company. Men from Sumner County. Mustered in at Camp Trousdale December 21, 1861. Formed part of "H", 44th Consolidated.
John L. McEwen, Jr., unlettered company. Men from Williamson County. Enlisted at Franklin November 26, 1861. Mustered in at Nashville December 21, 1861. Formed part of "I", 44th Consolidated.
McKoin's regiment never did receive a regimental number from the Adjutant andInspector General's Office at Richmond, Virginia, as they seemed to have it confused with Colonel A. J. Brown's Regiment, which was officially designated as the 55th Tennessee Infantry. However, the regiment was known in the field as the 55th (McKoin's) Tennessee Infantry. The regiment was organized at Camp Weakley, near Nashville, on January 30, 1862, from these companies which had been formed in November and December, 1861.
On February 16, 1862 the regiment was placed in the forces commanded by Major General William J. Hardee, and on February 23, at Murfreesboro, was reported in Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow's Division, Brigadier General S. A. M. Wood's Brigade, composed of the 7th, 16th Alabama, 8th Arkansas, 9th Arkansas Battalion, 3rd Mississippi Battalion, 27th, 44th and 55th (McKoin's) Tennessee Infantry Regiments, Avery's Cavalry, and Byrne's and Harper's Batteries.
At Shiloh, April 6-7, it participated in the battle as part of this brigade. General Wood, in his enumeration of his forces, listed the 55th with 280 muskets. No record of regimental casualties was found, but Doctor Noblitt of the 44th Tennessee Infantry stated its casualties were so heavy it did not have the minimum numbers to preserve its organization. The 44th had also suffered heavily, and on April 18, 1862, the two regiments were consolidated to form the 44th Consolidated. The consolidation was later pronounced illegal, but it was deemed inexpedient to annul it, and the consolidated organization served the rest of the war as the 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment Consolidated.
For the further history of the regiment, see the history of the 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment. Colonel McKoin resigned on account of ill health, and was placed on the "superannuated roll." Lieutenant Colonel Reed was placed on the supernumerary roll and later served on General Forrest's Staff. He was killed at Fort Pillow April 12, 1864.
Captain Benjamin E. Spencer’s
Company of Volunteers CSA.
This company came from Fayetteville, Lincoln County, Tennessee. It was mustered into Confederate service at Nashville on November 5, 1861; and then, by order of General A. S. Johnston, was mustered out again on the same day. Some of this company subsequently served in the 44th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, enlisting in December, 1861; and some few in Company E,” 9th Kentucky Infantry Regiment. There is a muster roll of Spencer’s Company on file.
Captain A. L. Huggins’ Battery
Light Artillery CSA.
This company was originally part of Captain George H. Monsarrat’s Battery, “The Harding Artillery,” which was enrolled at Camp Harris, Nashville, May 15, 1861. On November 20, 1861 it was reported as Company “B”, Monsarrat’s Battalion at Camp Lookout, near Chattanooga. On December 9, 1861, Brigadier General W. H. Carroll, at Knoxville, in reporting on the forces in East Tennessee, listed Captain Monsarrat’s Company near Knoxville, with E. Baxter as Senior 1st Lieutenant, and Freeman as 2nd Lieutenant. Captain Monsarrat was reported as Post Commandant at Knoxville, on December 27, 1861, and the battery, at about this time, was divided into two parts, one of which was Captain H. Baker’s Battery, the other this battery under Captain Ed Baxter, although it continued to be referred to as Monsarrat’s Battery until April, 1862.
On December 28, 1861, Major General G. B. Crittenden, in reporting on the forces in his command, listed: “Captain Monsarrat’s Battery, consisting of ten pieces, but the company is not yet filled up, the intention being to augment it to 250 men.” On January 24, 1862, General A. S. Johnston instructed the Ordnance Department at Nashville: “You will send to General Crittenden, by the Cumberland River, for Monsarrat’s Battery, composed of three 6-pound smooth bore and one 8-pound rifled cannon, a supply of spherical shells for 6s and shells for the rifled guns.” Evidently, some time between these two dates, the l0-gun battery had been divided into two parts.
On February 23, 1862, Baker’s Battery and Monsarrat’s Battery were both listed in Brigadier General W H. Carroll’s Brigade, Crittenden’s Division of the Central Army, with Headquarters at Murfreesboro. The battery here reported as Monsarrat’s was evidently now commanded by Captain Baxter, for Monsarrat was still at Knoxville in command of the post, and never had any further connection with either of these two batteries.
On April 26, 1862, Baxter’s Battery with 73 effectives was reported in Major General Hardee’s Corps, Colonel R. G. Shaver’s Brigade at Corinth, Mississippi. On June 30, still in Hardee’s Corps, it was reported in Brigadier General S. A. M. Wood’s Brigade. Captain Baxter was assigned to post duty, and the battery was organized as Captain Samuel L. Freeman’s Battery on July 20, 1862. Company reports state it was engaged in shelling the enemy at Battle Creek, near Chattanooga, August 27-28; and dislodged and routed the enemy in an engagement at Stevenson, Alabama on August 31, as part of a force under Colonel McKinstry, 32nd Alabama Regiment.
Early in September, 1862, the battery received 50 recruits from Loudon County. On September 21, Major General Sam Jones ordered Freeman’s Battery to march to Tullahoma, to be under the command of Colonel H. Maury, with the purpose of producing an impression that a force was moving on Nashville from Chattanooga. On October 4, Colonel Maury was directed to move up to Murfreesboro, and Freeman’s Battery to LaVergne. On October 9, Freeman’s Battery was ordered to report to Brigadier General N. B. Forrest, and it remained with his command until after the Battle of Chickamauga.
On November 5, the battery was with Forrest in his raid into the outskirts of Nashville, being stationed first on the Nolensville Pike, and later between the Franklin and Nolensville Pikes, where it did effective work in shelling the enemy troops on the pikes. General Forrest reported: “Great credit is due Captain Freeman and his officers and men for their coolness and discretion during this engagement.”
An inspection report dated November 11 showed Freeman’s Battery armed with two six-pounder guns and two 12-pounder howitzers, bronze, and stated that it required new harness. On November 14, Freeman’s Battery, with six guns, was reported with Forrest six miles from Nashville.
It accompanied Forrest in his raid into West Tennessee the last half of December, and was under his immediate command in his dash into Trenton, on December 20. It was with Colonel Dibrell in the Battle of Parker’s Cross Roads, December 31, 1862, and Colonel Dibrell spoke of the effective work of a pound howitzer, manned by Sergeant Nathan Baxter, of Freeman’s Battery.
Returning to Middle Tennessee, it was with Forrest in the capture of Thompson’s Station on March 5, and of Brentwood on March 25. But Freeman’s exploits came to an end April 19, 1863, on the Lewisburg Pike near Franklin. A Federal report stated: “Freeman’s Battery was taken and destroyed by chopping it to pieces. He, one lieutenant, and several men were killed; two lieutenants and 29 men captured. In other words, the battery was defunct.” Confederate reports of the engagement state that the attacking troops were from the 4th United States Cavalry. They are in practical agreement with the list of casualties; Lindsey’s Annals states: “As the enemy did not get any of the pieces off the field, Lieutenants Douglass and Crudup took charge of the battery and had it prepared for service, the wheels having been hacked up in the effort to cut the battery down.” A. L. Huggins was one of the lieutenants captured in this engagement, but when he was exchanged he became captain of the company, and served as such until the end of the war.
The Federal report was over-optimistic in stating that the battery was “defunct,” for on May 10, 1863, it reported four officers, 99 men present for duty, 110 present, 181 present and absent. Following the withdrawal to Chattanooga of Bragg’s Army in July, the battery was stationed at Kingston, Tennessee on August 3, 1863.
In the Battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, Huggins’ and Morton’s batteries were attached to Colonel George G. Dibrell’s Brigade. Huggins’ Battery was sent to the relief of Maney’s Brigade, and General Forrest reported; “The conduct of the officers and men of the battery deserves special mention. They kept up a constant and destructive fire upon the enemy until they were within 50 yards of the guns, getting off the field with all their pieces, notwithstanding the loss of horses.”
Forrest’s high regard for the battery is evidenced by the fact that when he applied for transfer to West Tennessee he asked for either “Freeman’s” or Morton’s Battery as part of the minute expeditionary force which was to accompany him. Morton’s Battery was the one assigned to this duty, and Huggins’ Battery was placed in Brigadier General G. C. Wharton’s Division, Lieutenant General Long-street’s Corps, for Longstreet’s invasion of East Tennessee. On December 10, it was in Brigadier General F. C. Armstrong’s Division of Major General Joseph Wheeler’s Cavalry Corps, but reported as detached in East Tennessee. On December 31, it was reported in Brigadier General John T. Morgan’s Division of Major General William T. Martin’s Cavalry Corps, but on January 31, 1864, it was once again reported in Armstrong’s Division. At this time it reported five officers, 86 men present for duty, 101 present, and 141 present and absent, with four pieces of artillery.
On February 29, the report showed four officers, 77 men present for duty, 92 present, 110 present and absent. On April 1, it was with Dibrell’s Brigade, en route from East Tennessee to Dalton, Georgia. On May 5, at Dalton, Georgia, it was attached to Brigadier General John H. Kelly’s Division.
On June 30, Huggins’, Ramsey’s, and White’s Tennessee Batteries, Ferrell’s Georgia, and Wiggins’ Arkansas Batteries were reported in a battalion commanded by Lieutenant Colonel F. H. Robertson, forming the Artillery Reserve for Wheeler’s Cavalry Corps, and remained in this battalion through August 31, 1864. In August the battery accompanied General Wheeler in his raid into Tennessee, and returned with Wheeler to do what was possible in impeding General Sherman’s march to Savannah. Captain Huggins was placed on Brigadier General John K. Jackson’s Staff at Savannah, Georgia, as Chief of Artillery, and Lieutenant Nat Baxter took command of the battery. Upon the evacuation of Savannah, Captain Huggins rejoined the battery, and fell back with it through South Carolina to North Carolina.
On January 31, 1865, a report of the forces in Hardee’s Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, showed Huggins, White’s, Ramsey’s Tennessee, and Wiggins’ Arkansas Batteries in Major James Hamilton’s Artillery Battalion. The battery was surrendered as part of General Joseph E. Johnston’s Army and paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.
On December 28, 1861, Major General G. B. Crittenden, in reporting on the forces in his command, listed: “Captain Monsarrat’s Battery, consisting of ten pieces, but the company is not yet filled up, the intention being to augment it to 250 men.” On January 24, 1862, General A. S. Johnston instructed the Ordnance Department at Nashville: “You will send to General Crittenden, by the Cumberland River, for Monsarrat’s Battery, composed of three 6-pound smooth bore and one 8-pound rifled cannon, a supply of spherical shells for 6s and shells for the rifled guns.” Evidently, some time between these two dates, the l0-gun battery had been divided into two parts.
On February 23, 1862, Baker’s Battery and Monsarrat’s Battery were both listed in Brigadier General W H. Carroll’s Brigade, Crittenden’s Division of the Central Army, with Headquarters at Murfreesboro. The battery here reported as Monsarrat’s was evidently now commanded by Captain Baxter, for Monsarrat was still at Knoxville in command of the post, and never had any further connection with either of these two batteries.
On April 26, 1862, Baxter’s Battery with 73 effectives was reported in Major General Hardee’s Corps, Colonel R. G. Shaver’s Brigade at Corinth, Mississippi. On June 30, still in Hardee’s Corps, it was reported in Brigadier General S. A. M. Wood’s Brigade. Captain Baxter was assigned to post duty, and the battery was organized as Captain Samuel L. Freeman’s Battery on July 20, 1862. Company reports state it was engaged in shelling the enemy at Battle Creek, near Chattanooga, August 27-28; and dislodged and routed the enemy in an engagement at Stevenson, Alabama on August 31, as part of a force under Colonel McKinstry, 32nd Alabama Regiment.
Early in September, 1862, the battery received 50 recruits from Loudon County. On September 21, Major General Sam Jones ordered Freeman’s Battery to march to Tullahoma, to be under the command of Colonel H. Maury, with the purpose of producing an impression that a force was moving on Nashville from Chattanooga. On October 4, Colonel Maury was directed to move up to Murfreesboro, and Freeman’s Battery to LaVergne. On October 9, Freeman’s Battery was ordered to report to Brigadier General N. B. Forrest, and it remained with his command until after the Battle of Chickamauga.
On November 5, the battery was with Forrest in his raid into the outskirts of Nashville, being stationed first on the Nolensville Pike, and later between the Franklin and Nolensville Pikes, where it did effective work in shelling the enemy troops on the pikes. General Forrest reported: “Great credit is due Captain Freeman and his officers and men for their coolness and discretion during this engagement.”
An inspection report dated November 11 showed Freeman’s Battery armed with two six-pounder guns and two 12-pounder howitzers, bronze, and stated that it required new harness. On November 14, Freeman’s Battery, with six guns, was reported with Forrest six miles from Nashville.
It accompanied Forrest in his raid into West Tennessee the last half of December, and was under his immediate command in his dash into Trenton, on December 20. It was with Colonel Dibrell in the Battle of Parker’s Cross Roads, December 31, 1862, and Colonel Dibrell spoke of the effective work of a pound howitzer, manned by Sergeant Nathan Baxter, of Freeman’s Battery.
Returning to Middle Tennessee, it was with Forrest in the capture of Thompson’s Station on March 5, and of Brentwood on March 25. But Freeman’s exploits came to an end April 19, 1863, on the Lewisburg Pike near Franklin. A Federal report stated: “Freeman’s Battery was taken and destroyed by chopping it to pieces. He, one lieutenant, and several men were killed; two lieutenants and 29 men captured. In other words, the battery was defunct.” Confederate reports of the engagement state that the attacking troops were from the 4th United States Cavalry. They are in practical agreement with the list of casualties; Lindsey’s Annals states: “As the enemy did not get any of the pieces off the field, Lieutenants Douglass and Crudup took charge of the battery and had it prepared for service, the wheels having been hacked up in the effort to cut the battery down.” A. L. Huggins was one of the lieutenants captured in this engagement, but when he was exchanged he became captain of the company, and served as such until the end of the war.
The Federal report was over-optimistic in stating that the battery was “defunct,” for on May 10, 1863, it reported four officers, 99 men present for duty, 110 present, 181 present and absent. Following the withdrawal to Chattanooga of Bragg’s Army in July, the battery was stationed at Kingston, Tennessee on August 3, 1863.
In the Battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, Huggins’ and Morton’s batteries were attached to Colonel George G. Dibrell’s Brigade. Huggins’ Battery was sent to the relief of Maney’s Brigade, and General Forrest reported; “The conduct of the officers and men of the battery deserves special mention. They kept up a constant and destructive fire upon the enemy until they were within 50 yards of the guns, getting off the field with all their pieces, notwithstanding the loss of horses.”
Forrest’s high regard for the battery is evidenced by the fact that when he applied for transfer to West Tennessee he asked for either “Freeman’s” or Morton’s Battery as part of the minute expeditionary force which was to accompany him. Morton’s Battery was the one assigned to this duty, and Huggins’ Battery was placed in Brigadier General G. C. Wharton’s Division, Lieutenant General Long-street’s Corps, for Longstreet’s invasion of East Tennessee. On December 10, it was in Brigadier General F. C. Armstrong’s Division of Major General Joseph Wheeler’s Cavalry Corps, but reported as detached in East Tennessee. On December 31, it was reported in Brigadier General John T. Morgan’s Division of Major General William T. Martin’s Cavalry Corps, but on January 31, 1864, it was once again reported in Armstrong’s Division. At this time it reported five officers, 86 men present for duty, 101 present, and 141 present and absent, with four pieces of artillery.
On February 29, the report showed four officers, 77 men present for duty, 92 present, 110 present and absent. On April 1, it was with Dibrell’s Brigade, en route from East Tennessee to Dalton, Georgia. On May 5, at Dalton, Georgia, it was attached to Brigadier General John H. Kelly’s Division.
On June 30, Huggins’, Ramsey’s, and White’s Tennessee Batteries, Ferrell’s Georgia, and Wiggins’ Arkansas Batteries were reported in a battalion commanded by Lieutenant Colonel F. H. Robertson, forming the Artillery Reserve for Wheeler’s Cavalry Corps, and remained in this battalion through August 31, 1864. In August the battery accompanied General Wheeler in his raid into Tennessee, and returned with Wheeler to do what was possible in impeding General Sherman’s march to Savannah. Captain Huggins was placed on Brigadier General John K. Jackson’s Staff at Savannah, Georgia, as Chief of Artillery, and Lieutenant Nat Baxter took command of the battery. Upon the evacuation of Savannah, Captain Huggins rejoined the battery, and fell back with it through South Carolina to North Carolina.
On January 31, 1865, a report of the forces in Hardee’s Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, showed Huggins, White’s, Ramsey’s Tennessee, and Wiggins’ Arkansas Batteries in Major James Hamilton’s Artillery Battalion. The battery was surrendered as part of General Joseph E. Johnston’s Army and paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.
Forrest's Escort Company Cavalry CSA.
Organized September, 1862, at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Paroled at Gainesville, Alabama, May 10, 1865.
CAPTAINS
Thereafter, the combat record of this company is the record of battles in which Forrest was himself engaged. After taking part in the demonstration against Nashville on November 6, they moved with Forrest to his West Tennessee Raid, and from there to the frequent fighting around Spring Hill, Thompson’s Station,-where Little was killed-College Grove, Franklin and Breutwood; they also participated in the pursuit and capture of Streight during the early Summer of 1863. They then moved south and east, screening Bragg’s withdrawal in the Chattanooga Campaign, to take part in the Battle of Chickamauga. From here they were transferred, a part of the nucleus of Forrest’s new command, to West Tennessee.
In West Tennessee, they took part in the operations incident to Forrest’s mobilization of a force from the stragglers hiding in that area and North Mississippi, and gathering supplies. The mobilization having been accomplished, they took part in the Battle of Okolona, the raid to Paducah, the capture of Fort Pillow, the Battles of Brice’s Crossroads and of Harrisburg and the Memphis Raid. Following the Middle Tennessee Raid and the destruction of Johnsonville, they moved with their commander to the screening action ahead of Hood on his invasion of Tennessee, which was followed by coverage of the retreat. During all these operations, they were frequently mentioned favorably in orders. It would not be unusual for the general commanding to make favorable mention of his Escort, but the facts are that all these commendations were richly deserved.
It is significant to note that, whereas the Escort had numbered 90 men at its first muster, and had been 65 strong on its arrival in West Tennessee, it had, when paroled at Gainesville, Alabama on May 9, 1865, mustered a strength of 119. Part of this increase may be attributable to the gathering in of stragglers from other units, but a part is also due to the fact that the Escort, from its first organization to the final surrender, had an incomparable morale.
CAPTAINS
- Montgomery W. Little,
- John C. Jackson
- 1st Lieutenants-Nathan Boone (Commanded from March 6, to October 1, 1863), Matthew Cortner.
- 2nd Lieutenants-Daniel Dunaway, George L. Cowan
- 3rd Lieutenants-Daniel Dunaway, John Eaton
Thereafter, the combat record of this company is the record of battles in which Forrest was himself engaged. After taking part in the demonstration against Nashville on November 6, they moved with Forrest to his West Tennessee Raid, and from there to the frequent fighting around Spring Hill, Thompson’s Station,-where Little was killed-College Grove, Franklin and Breutwood; they also participated in the pursuit and capture of Streight during the early Summer of 1863. They then moved south and east, screening Bragg’s withdrawal in the Chattanooga Campaign, to take part in the Battle of Chickamauga. From here they were transferred, a part of the nucleus of Forrest’s new command, to West Tennessee.
In West Tennessee, they took part in the operations incident to Forrest’s mobilization of a force from the stragglers hiding in that area and North Mississippi, and gathering supplies. The mobilization having been accomplished, they took part in the Battle of Okolona, the raid to Paducah, the capture of Fort Pillow, the Battles of Brice’s Crossroads and of Harrisburg and the Memphis Raid. Following the Middle Tennessee Raid and the destruction of Johnsonville, they moved with their commander to the screening action ahead of Hood on his invasion of Tennessee, which was followed by coverage of the retreat. During all these operations, they were frequently mentioned favorably in orders. It would not be unusual for the general commanding to make favorable mention of his Escort, but the facts are that all these commendations were richly deserved.
It is significant to note that, whereas the Escort had numbered 90 men at its first muster, and had been 65 strong on its arrival in West Tennessee, it had, when paroled at Gainesville, Alabama on May 9, 1865, mustered a strength of 119. Part of this increase may be attributable to the gathering in of stragglers from other units, but a part is also due to the fact that the Escort, from its first organization to the final surrender, had an incomparable morale.